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.opencode/skills/threejs/references/13-node-materials.md

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+# Node Materials (TSL - Three Shading Language)
+
+Modern node-based material system for creating custom shaders visually.
+
+## What is TSL?
+
+Three Shading Language (TSL) is a node-based system for creating materials and shaders:
+- Functional approach to shader composition
+- Type-safe node graph
+- Unified GLSL/WGSL output (WebGL & WebGPU)
+- No manual shader code required
+
+## Basic Node Material
+
+```javascript
+import * as THREE from 'three/webgpu';
+import { color, texture, normalMap, MeshStandardNodeMaterial } from 'three/nodes';
+
+const material = new MeshStandardNodeMaterial();
+
+// Set base color node
+material.colorNode = color(0xff0000);
+
+// Or use texture
+material.colorNode = texture(colorTexture);
+
+// Combine nodes
+material.colorNode = texture(colorTexture).mul(color(0xffffff));
+
+// Normal mapping
+material.normalNode = normalMap(normalTexture);
+```
+
+## Node Types
+
+### Input Nodes
+
+```javascript
+import {
+  attribute,
+  uniform,
+  texture,
+  cubeTexture,
+  instancedArray,
+  storage
+} from 'three/nodes';
+
+// Geometry attributes
+const positionNode = attribute('position');
+const normalNode = attribute('normal');
+const uvNode = attribute('uv');
+
+// Uniforms
+const timeNode = uniform(0); // value
+
+// Textures
+const colorNode = texture(diffuseTexture);
+const envNode = cubeTexture(cubeMapTexture);
+
+// Instanced data
+const instanceColorNode = instancedArray('instanceColor');
+
+// Storage buffers (compute)
+const storageNode = storage(buffer, 'vec4', count);
+```
+
+### Math Nodes
+
+```javascript
+import { add, sub, mul, div, pow, sin, cos, length, normalize } from 'three/nodes';
+
+// Basic operations
+const result = add(a, b);     // a + b
+const result = sub(a, b);     // a - b
+const result = mul(a, b);     // a * b
+const result = div(a, b);     // a / b
+
+// Trigonometry
+const result = sin(angle);
+const result = cos(angle);
+
+// Vector operations
+const result = length(vector);
+const result = normalize(vector);
+
+// Chaining
+const result = mul(texture(tex), color(0xff0000));
+```
+
+### Procedural Nodes
+
+```javascript
+import { checker, dots, noise, voronoi } from 'three/nodes';
+
+// Checker pattern
+material.colorNode = checker(uvNode.mul(10));
+
+// Noise
+material.colorNode = noise(uvNode.mul(5));
+
+// Voronoi cells
+material.colorNode = voronoi(uvNode.mul(3));
+```
+
+## Custom Shader Function
+
+```javascript
+import { Fn, vec3, float } from 'three/nodes';
+
+// Define custom function
+const customColor = Fn(([uv, time]) => {
+  const r = sin(uv.x.mul(10).add(time));
+  const g = cos(uv.y.mul(10).add(time));
+  const b = float(0.5);
+  return vec3(r, g, b);
+});
+
+// Use in material
+material.colorNode = customColor(uvNode, timeNode);
+```
+
+## Animation with Nodes
+
+```javascript
+import { uniform, oscSine, timerLocal } from 'three/nodes';
+
+// Oscillating value
+const oscillator = oscSine(timerLocal(0.5)); // frequency = 0.5
+
+// Pulsing color
+material.colorNode = color(0xff0000).mul(oscillator.add(0.5));
+
+// Rotating UV
+const rotatedUV = uvNode.rotateUV(timerLocal());
+material.colorNode = texture(tex, rotatedUV);
+```
+
+## Advanced Effects
+
+### Fresnel Effect
+
+```javascript
+import { normalView, positionView, dot, pow } from 'three/nodes';
+
+const fresnel = pow(
+  float(1).sub(dot(normalView, positionView.normalize())),
+  3
+);
+
+material.colorNode = mix(baseColor, edgeColor, fresnel);
+```
+
+### Vertex Displacement
+
+```javascript
+import { positionLocal, normalLocal, timerLocal, sin } from 'three/nodes';
+
+// Displace vertices along normal
+const displacement = sin(positionLocal.y.add(timerLocal())).mul(0.5);
+material.positionNode = positionLocal.add(normalLocal.mul(displacement));
+```
+
+### Custom Normal Mapping
+
+```javascript
+import { normalMap, normalView, TBNViewMatrix } from 'three/nodes';
+
+const normalMapNode = normalMap(normalTexture);
+const transformedNormal = TBNViewMatrix.mul(normalMapNode);
+material.normalNode = transformedNormal;
+```
+
+## Compute Shaders (WebGPU)
+
+```javascript
+import { compute, uniform, storage, Fn } from 'three/nodes';
+
+// Define compute shader
+const computeShader = Fn(() => {
+  const storageBuffer = storage(buffer, 'vec4', count);
+  const index = instanceIndex; // built-in
+
+  // Modify buffer
+  const value = storageBuffer.element(index);
+  storageBuffer.element(index).assign(value.mul(2));
+})();
+
+// Create compute node
+const computeNode = compute(computeShader, 256); // workgroup size
+
+// Execute
+renderer.compute(computeNode);
+```
+
+## Node Material Types
+
+```javascript
+import {
+  MeshStandardNodeMaterial,
+  MeshPhysicalNodeMaterial,
+  MeshBasicNodeMaterial,
+  PointsNodeMaterial,
+  LineBasicNodeMaterial,
+  SpriteNodeMaterial
+} from 'three/nodes';
+
+// Standard PBR
+const material = new MeshStandardNodeMaterial();
+material.colorNode = colorNode;
+material.roughnessNode = roughnessNode;
+material.metalnessNode = metalnessNode;
+
+// Physical (clearcoat, transmission, etc.)
+const material = new MeshPhysicalNodeMaterial();
+material.clearcoatNode = clearcoatNode;
+material.transmissionNode = transmissionNode;
+```
+
+## Post-Processing with Nodes
+
+```javascript
+import { pass, PassNode } from 'three/nodes';
+
+// Custom post-processing pass
+const customPass = new PassNode('customPass', (input, output) => {
+  // input: previous pass texture
+  // output: render target
+
+  // Apply effect
+  const modifiedColor = input.mul(color(1, 0.5, 0.5));
+  output.assign(modifiedColor);
+});
+
+// Add to post-processing chain
+postProcessing.addPass(customPass);
+```
+
+## Practical Example: Animated Material
+
+```javascript
+import * as THREE from 'three/webgpu';
+import {
+  MeshStandardNodeMaterial,
+  texture,
+  uniform,
+  timerLocal,
+  sin,
+  cos,
+  vec2
+} from 'three/nodes';
+
+const material = new MeshStandardNodeMaterial();
+
+// Animated UV scroll
+const time = timerLocal();
+const scrollSpeed = uniform(0.1);
+const uvOffset = vec2(
+  time.mul(scrollSpeed),
+  sin(time).mul(0.1)
+);
+const scrolledUV = uv().add(uvOffset);
+
+// Apply to color
+material.colorNode = texture(diffuseTexture, scrolledUV);
+
+// Animated emission
+const pulseSpeed = uniform(2);
+const emission = sin(time.mul(pulseSpeed)).mul(0.5).add(0.5);
+material.emissiveNode = color(1, 0.5, 0).mul(emission);
+```
+
+## Migration from ShaderMaterial
+
+```javascript
+// Old way (ShaderMaterial)
+const material = new THREE.ShaderMaterial({
+  uniforms: {
+    time: { value: 0 }
+  },
+  vertexShader: `...`,
+  fragmentShader: `...`
+});
+
+// New way (Node Material)
+const material = new MeshStandardNodeMaterial();
+material.colorNode = customFunction(timerLocal());
+// Much cleaner, type-safe, and reusable
+```
+
+## When to Use Node Materials
+
+- Creating complex procedural materials
+- Need both WebGL and WebGPU support
+- Want visual/functional shader composition
+- Reusable shader components
+- Compute shader integration (WebGPU only)
+
+**Note**: Node materials require WebGPU renderer for full features. Some features work with WebGL backend but compute shaders require WebGPU.