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Phuoc Nguyen
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docs/PRODUCTS_API_IMPLEMENTATION.md
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365
docs/PRODUCTS_API_IMPLEMENTATION.md
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# Products API Implementation Summary
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## Overview
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Complete implementation of the Products API module for the Retail POS backend, including all DTOs, controllers, services, repositories, and business logic.
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## Files Created
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### 1. DTOs (`src/modules/products/dto/`)
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#### `create-product.dto.ts`
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- **Fields**:
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- `name` (required, string, 1-255 characters)
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- `description` (optional, string, max 1000 characters)
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- `price` (required, number, min 0, max 2 decimal places)
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- `imageUrl` (optional, URL)
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- `categoryId` (required, UUID)
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- `stockQuantity` (optional, number, min 0, default 0)
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- `isAvailable` (optional, boolean, default true)
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- **Validations**: class-validator decorators with proper constraints
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- **Documentation**: Full Swagger/OpenAPI annotations
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#### `update-product.dto.ts`
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- **Extension**: PartialType of CreateProductDto
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- All fields are optional for partial updates
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#### `get-products.dto.ts`
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- **Extends**: PaginationDto (provides page/limit)
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- **Filters**:
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- `categoryId` (UUID filter)
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- `search` (string search in name/description)
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- `minPrice` (number, min 0)
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- `maxPrice` (number, min 0)
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- `isAvailable` (boolean)
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- **Transform**: Boolean query params properly transformed
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#### `product-response.dto.ts`
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- **ProductResponseDto**: Structured response with @Expose decorators
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- **CategoryInProductResponseDto**: Nested category details
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- **Fields**: All product fields plus populated category relation
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#### `index.ts`
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- Exports all DTOs for easy imports
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### 2. Repository (`products.repository.ts`)
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**Features**:
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- Extends TypeORM Repository<Product>
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- Custom query methods with QueryBuilder
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**Methods**:
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- `createFilteredQuery(filters)` - Apply all filters to query builder
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- `findWithFilters(filters)` - Paginated products with filters
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- `findOneWithCategory(id)` - Single product with category relation
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- `findByCategory(categoryId, page, limit)` - Products by category
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- `searchProducts(query, page, limit)` - Search by name/description
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- `updateStock(id, quantity)` - Update stock quantity
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- `incrementStock(id, amount)` - Increment stock
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- `decrementStock(id, amount)` - Decrement stock
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**Query Optimizations**:
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- Left join on category relation
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- Efficient WHERE clauses for filters
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- LIKE queries with LOWER() for case-insensitive search
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- Proper pagination with skip/take
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### 3. Service (`products.service.ts`)
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**Features**:
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- Business logic implementation
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- Transaction management with QueryRunner
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- Proper error handling with specific exceptions
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**Methods**:
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#### `findAll(filters)`
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- Fetches products with pagination and filters
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- Returns [Product[], total count]
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#### `findOne(id)`
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- Get single product by ID with category
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- Throws NotFoundException if not found
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#### `findByCategory(categoryId, page, limit)`
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- Validates category exists
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- Returns products for specific category
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#### `search(query, page, limit)`
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- Validates search query not empty
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- Searches in name and description
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#### `create(createProductDto)`
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- **Transaction-based**:
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1. Validate category exists
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2. Create product
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3. Increment category product count
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4. Commit transaction
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- **Error handling**: Rollback on failure
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#### `update(id, updateProductDto)`
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- **Transaction-based**:
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1. Find existing product
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2. If category changed:
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- Validate new category exists
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- Decrement old category count
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- Increment new category count
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3. Update product
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4. Commit transaction
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- **Error handling**: Rollback on failure
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#### `remove(id)`
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- **Transaction-based**:
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1. Find product with transaction items relation
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2. Check if product used in transactions
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3. If used, throw BadRequestException
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4. Decrement category product count
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5. Delete product
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6. Commit transaction
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- **Business rule**: Cannot delete products used in transactions
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#### `updateStock(id, quantity)`
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- Validates quantity not negative
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- Updates product stock
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### 4. Controller (`products.controller.ts`)
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**Configuration**:
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- `@ApiTags('products')` - Swagger grouping
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- Base route: `/products`
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**Endpoints**:
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#### `GET /products` (Public)
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- **Summary**: Get all products with pagination and filters
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- **Query params**: GetProductsDto (page, limit, categoryId, search, minPrice, maxPrice, isAvailable)
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- **Response**: Paginated list with metadata
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- **Status**: 200 OK
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#### `GET /products/search?q=query` (Public)
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- **Summary**: Search products by name or description
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- **Query params**: q (search query), page, limit
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- **Response**: Paginated search results
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- **Status**: 200 OK, 400 Bad Request
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#### `GET /products/category/:categoryId` (Public)
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- **Summary**: Get products by category
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- **Params**: categoryId (UUID)
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- **Query params**: page, limit
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- **Response**: Paginated products in category
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- **Status**: 200 OK, 404 Not Found
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#### `GET /products/:id` (Public)
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- **Summary**: Get single product by ID
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- **Params**: id (UUID)
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- **Response**: Single product with category
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- **Status**: 200 OK, 404 Not Found
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#### `POST /products` (Admin/Manager)
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- **Summary**: Create new product
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- **Auth**: JWT Bearer token required
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- **Roles**: Admin, Manager
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- **Body**: CreateProductDto
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- **Response**: Created product
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- **Status**: 201 Created, 400 Bad Request, 404 Category Not Found
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#### `PUT /products/:id` (Admin/Manager)
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- **Summary**: Update product
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- **Auth**: JWT Bearer token required
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- **Roles**: Admin, Manager
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- **Params**: id (UUID)
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- **Body**: UpdateProductDto
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- **Response**: Updated product
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- **Status**: 200 OK, 400 Bad Request, 404 Not Found
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#### `DELETE /products/:id` (Admin)
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- **Summary**: Delete product
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- **Auth**: JWT Bearer token required
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- **Roles**: Admin only
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- **Params**: id (UUID)
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- **Response**: No content
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- **Status**: 204 No Content, 400 Cannot Delete, 404 Not Found
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**Features**:
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- Full Swagger documentation with @ApiOperation, @ApiResponse
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- @ParseUUIDPipe for UUID validation
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- plainToInstance for DTO transformation
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- Consistent ApiResponseDto wrapper
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- Proper HTTP status codes
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### 5. Module (`products.module.ts`)
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**Configuration**:
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- Imports TypeOrmModule with Product and Category entities
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- Registers ProductsController
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- Provides ProductsService and ProductsRepository
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- Exports service and repository for use in other modules
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## Key Features Implemented
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### 1. Authentication & Authorization
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- Public endpoints: GET requests (list, search, single)
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- Protected endpoints: POST, PUT, DELETE
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- Role-based access:
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- Admin + Manager: Create, Update
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- Admin only: Delete
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### 2. Validation
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- Request validation with class-validator
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- UUID validation with ParseUUIDPipe
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- Query parameter transformation
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- Business logic validation (category exists, stock quantity)
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### 3. Business Logic
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- **Category Product Count**: Automatically updated on create/update/delete
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- **Category Change**: Handles count updates when product category changes
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- **Transaction Safety**: Products used in transactions cannot be deleted
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- **Stock Management**: Proper stock quantity validation and updates
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### 4. Error Handling
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- NotFoundException: Resource not found
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- BadRequestException: Invalid input or business rule violation
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- InternalServerErrorException: Unexpected errors
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- Transaction rollback on failures
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### 5. Database Optimization
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- QueryBuilder for complex queries
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- Left joins for relations
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- Indexes on name, categoryId
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- Composite index on name + categoryId
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- Case-insensitive search with LOWER()
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### 6. Response Format
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- Consistent ApiResponseDto wrapper
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- Success responses with data and message
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- Paginated responses with metadata:
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- page, limit, total, totalPages
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- hasPreviousPage, hasNextPage
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- DTO transformation with class-transformer
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### 7. API Documentation
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- Complete Swagger/OpenAPI annotations
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- Request/response examples
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- Parameter descriptions
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- Status code documentation
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- Bearer auth documentation
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## API Routes
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```
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Public Routes:
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GET /products - List all products (paginated, filtered)
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GET /products/search?q=query - Search products
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GET /products/category/:categoryId - Products by category
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GET /products/:id - Single product details
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Protected Routes (Admin/Manager):
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POST /products - Create product
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PUT /products/:id - Update product
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Protected Routes (Admin only):
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DELETE /products/:id - Delete product
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```
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## Example API Calls
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### List Products with Filters
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```http
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GET /api/products?page=1&limit=20&categoryId=uuid&search=laptop&minPrice=100&maxPrice=1000&isAvailable=true
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```
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### Search Products
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```http
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GET /api/products/search?q=gaming&page=1&limit=10
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```
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### Create Product
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```http
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POST /api/products
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Authorization: Bearer <token>
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Content-Type: application/json
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{
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"name": "Gaming Laptop",
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"description": "High-performance gaming laptop",
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"price": 1299.99,
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"imageUrl": "https://example.com/image.jpg",
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"categoryId": "uuid",
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"stockQuantity": 50,
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"isAvailable": true
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}
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```
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### Update Product
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```http
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PUT /api/products/:id
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Authorization: Bearer <token>
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Content-Type: application/json
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{
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"price": 1199.99,
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"stockQuantity": 45
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}
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```
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### Delete Product
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```http
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DELETE /api/products/:id
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Authorization: Bearer <token>
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```
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## Integration
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The module is registered in `app.module.ts`:
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```typescript
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import { ProductsModule } from './modules/products/products.module';
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@Module({
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imports: [
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// ...
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ProductsModule,
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],
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})
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```
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## Testing Recommendations
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### Unit Tests
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- ProductsService methods
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- Business logic validation
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- Error handling scenarios
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- Transaction rollback
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### Integration Tests
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- ProductsRepository queries
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- Database operations
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- Relations loading
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### E2E Tests
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- All API endpoints
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- Authentication/authorization
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- Filter combinations
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- Error responses
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- Edge cases
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## Next Steps
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1. **Categories Module**: Similar structure for category management
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2. **Transactions Module**: Transaction processing with products
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3. **Caching**: Add Redis caching for frequently accessed products
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4. **Soft Delete**: Optional soft delete instead of hard delete
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5. **Audit Trail**: Track who created/updated products
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6. **Product Images**: File upload functionality
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7. **Bulk Operations**: Bulk create/update/delete endpoints
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## Best Practices Followed
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1. Separation of concerns (Controller → Service → Repository)
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2. Transaction management for data consistency
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3. Proper error handling with specific exceptions
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4. Input validation at DTO level
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5. Business validation at service level
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6. Query optimization with QueryBuilder
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7. Comprehensive API documentation
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8. Role-based access control
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9. Consistent response format
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10. TypeScript strict mode compliance
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