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Phuoc Nguyen
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# Hive CE Database Setup
This directory contains the Hive CE (Community Edition) database configuration and services for the Worker Flutter app.
## Overview
The app uses Hive CE for offline-first local data persistence. Hive is a lightweight, fast NoSQL database written in pure Dart, perfect for Flutter applications.
## Key Features
- **Offline-First**: All data is stored locally and synced with the backend
- **Fast Performance**: Hive is optimized for speed with minimal overhead
- **Type-Safe**: Uses type adapters for strong typing
- **Encryption Support**: Optional AES encryption for sensitive data
- **Auto-Compaction**: Automatic database maintenance and cleanup
- **Migration Support**: Built-in schema versioning and migrations
## File Structure
```
lib/core/database/
├── README.md # This file
├── hive_service.dart # Main Hive initialization and lifecycle management
├── database_manager.dart # High-level database operations
└── models/
├── cached_data.dart # Generic cache wrapper model
└── enums.dart # All enum type adapters
```
## Setup Instructions
### 1. Install Dependencies
The required packages are already in `pubspec.yaml`:
```yaml
dependencies:
hive_ce: ^2.6.0
hive_ce_flutter: ^2.1.0
dev_dependencies:
hive_ce_generator: ^1.6.0
build_runner: ^2.4.11
```
Run:
```bash
flutter pub get
```
### 2. Generate Type Adapters
After creating Hive models with `@HiveType` annotations, run:
```bash
dart run build_runner build --delete-conflicting-outputs
```
Or for continuous watching during development:
```bash
dart run build_runner watch --delete-conflicting-outputs
```
### 3. Initialize Hive in main.dart
```dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'core/database/hive_service.dart';
void main() async {
WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
// Initialize Hive
final hiveService = HiveService();
await hiveService.initialize();
runApp(const MyApp());
}
```
## Creating Hive Models
### Basic Model Example
```dart
import 'package:hive_ce/hive.dart';
import '../../constants/storage_constants.dart';
part 'user_model.g.dart'; // Generated file
@HiveType(typeId: HiveTypeIds.user)
class UserModel extends HiveObject {
@HiveField(0)
final String id;
@HiveField(1)
final String name;
@HiveField(2)
final String email;
UserModel({
required this.id,
required this.name,
required this.email,
});
}
```
### Enum Example
```dart
@HiveType(typeId: HiveTypeIds.memberTier)
enum MemberTier {
@HiveField(0)
gold,
@HiveField(1)
platinum,
@HiveField(2)
diamond,
}
```
### Important Rules
1. **Type IDs must be unique** across the entire app (0-223 for user types)
2. **Never change field numbers** once assigned - it will break existing data
3. **Use `part` directive** to include generated adapter file
4. **Extend HiveObject** for model classes (optional but recommended for auto-save)
5. **Register adapters** before opening boxes (handled by HiveService)
## Box Management
### Available Boxes
The app uses these pre-configured boxes (see `storage_constants.dart`):
- `user_box` - User profile and auth data (encrypted)
- `product_box` - Product catalog cache
- `cart_box` - Shopping cart items (encrypted)
- `order_box` - Order history (encrypted)
- `project_box` - Construction projects (encrypted)
- `loyalty_box` - Loyalty transactions (encrypted)
- `rewards_box` - Rewards catalog
- `settings_box` - App settings
- `cache_box` - Generic API cache
- `sync_state_box` - Sync timestamps
- `notification_box` - Notifications
- `address_box` - Delivery addresses (encrypted)
- `offline_queue_box` - Failed API requests queue (encrypted)
### Using Boxes
```dart
// Using DatabaseManager (recommended)
final dbManager = DatabaseManager();
// Save data
await dbManager.save(
boxName: HiveBoxNames.productBox,
key: 'product_123',
value: product,
);
// Get data
final product = dbManager.get(
boxName: HiveBoxNames.productBox,
key: 'product_123',
);
// Get all
final products = dbManager.getAll(boxName: HiveBoxNames.productBox);
```
## Caching Strategy
### Save to Cache
```dart
final dbManager = DatabaseManager();
await dbManager.saveToCache(
key: HiveKeys.productsCacheKey,
data: products,
);
```
### Get from Cache
```dart
final products = dbManager.getFromCache<List<Product>>(
key: HiveKeys.productsCacheKey,
maxAge: CacheDuration.products, // 6 hours
);
if (products == null) {
// Cache miss or expired - fetch from API
final freshProducts = await api.getProducts();
await dbManager.saveToCache(
key: HiveKeys.productsCacheKey,
data: freshProducts,
);
}
```
### Check Cache Validity
```dart
final isValid = dbManager.isCacheValid(
key: HiveKeys.productsCacheKey,
maxAge: CacheDuration.products,
);
if (!isValid) {
// Refresh cache
}
```
## Offline Queue
Handle failed API requests when offline:
```dart
// Add to queue when API call fails
await dbManager.addToOfflineQueue({
'endpoint': '/api/orders',
'method': 'POST',
'body': orderData,
});
// Process queue when back online
final queue = dbManager.getOfflineQueue();
for (var i = 0; i < queue.length; i++) {
try {
await api.request(queue[i]);
await dbManager.removeFromOfflineQueue(i);
} catch (e) {
// Keep in queue for next retry
}
}
```
## Data Synchronization
Track sync state for different data types:
```dart
// Update sync timestamp
await dbManager.updateSyncTime(HiveKeys.productsSyncTime);
// Get last sync time
final lastSync = dbManager.getLastSyncTime(HiveKeys.productsSyncTime);
// Check if needs sync
final needsSync = dbManager.needsSync(
dataType: HiveKeys.productsSyncTime,
syncInterval: Duration(hours: 6),
);
```
## Encryption
Enable encryption for sensitive data in `storage_constants.dart`:
```dart
class HiveDatabaseConfig {
static const bool enableEncryption = true;
}
```
Generate and store encryption key securely:
```dart
// Generate key
final encryptionKey = HiveService.generateEncryptionKey();
// Store securely using flutter_secure_storage
final secureStorage = FlutterSecureStorage();
await secureStorage.write(
key: 'hive_encryption_key',
value: base64Encode(encryptionKey),
);
// Initialize with key
final storedKey = await secureStorage.read(key: 'hive_encryption_key');
await hiveService.initialize(
encryptionKey: base64Decode(storedKey!),
);
```
## Migrations
Handle schema changes:
```dart
// In hive_service.dart, add migration logic:
Future<void> _migrateToVersion(int version) async {
switch (version) {
case 2:
await _migrateV1ToV2();
break;
}
}
Future<void> _migrateV1ToV2() async {
// Example: Add new field to existing data
final userBox = Hive.box(HiveBoxNames.userBox);
for (var key in userBox.keys) {
final user = userBox.get(key);
// Update user data structure
await userBox.put(key, updatedUser);
}
}
```
## Database Maintenance
### Clear Expired Cache
```dart
await dbManager.clearExpiredCache();
```
### Compact Boxes
```dart
final hiveService = HiveService();
// Compaction happens automatically during initialization
```
### Clear User Data (Logout)
```dart
await hiveService.clearUserData();
```
### Clear All Data
```dart
await hiveService.clearAllData();
```
### Get Statistics
```dart
final stats = dbManager.getStatistics();
dbManager.printStatistics();
```
## Best Practices
1. **Always initialize Hive before using any boxes**
2. **Use DatabaseManager for common operations**
3. **Cache frequently accessed data**
4. **Set appropriate cache expiration times**
5. **Handle errors gracefully** - Hive operations can fail
6. **Use transactions for multiple related updates**
7. **Compact boxes periodically** for optimal performance
8. **Never store large files in Hive** - use file system instead
9. **Test migrations thoroughly** before release
10. **Monitor database size** in production
## Debugging
### Print Box Contents
```dart
final box = Hive.box(HiveBoxNames.productBox);
print('Box length: ${box.length}');
print('Keys: ${box.keys}');
print('Values: ${box.values}');
```
### Check Box Location
```dart
print('Hive path: ${Hive.box(HiveBoxNames.settingsBox).path}');
```
### View Statistics
```dart
DatabaseManager().printStatistics();
```
## Troubleshooting
### "Box not found" Error
- Ensure Hive is initialized before accessing boxes
- Check that box name is correct
### "TypeAdapter not registered" Error
- Run `build_runner` to generate adapters
- Ensure adapter is registered in `HiveService._registerTypeAdapters()`
### "Cannot write null values" Error
- Make fields nullable with `?` or provide default values
- Check that HiveField annotations are correct
### Data Corruption
- Enable backup/restore functionality
- Implement data validation before saving
- Use try-catch blocks around Hive operations
## Testing
```dart
import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
import 'package:hive_ce/hive.dart';
import 'package:hive_ce_flutter/hive_flutter.dart';
void main() {
setUp(() async {
await Hive.initFlutter();
// Register test adapters
});
tearDown(() async {
await Hive.deleteFromDisk();
});
test('Save and retrieve user', () async {
final box = await Hive.openBox('test_box');
await box.put('user', UserModel(id: '1', name: 'Test'));
final user = box.get('user');
expect(user.name, 'Test');
});
}
```
## Resources
- [Hive CE Documentation](https://github.com/IO-Design-Team/hive_ce)
- [Original Hive Documentation](https://docs.hivedb.dev/)
- [Flutter Offline-First Best Practices](https://flutter.dev/docs/cookbook/persistence)
## Type Adapter Registry
### Registered Type IDs (0-223)
| Type ID | Model | Status |
|---------|-------|--------|
| 0 | UserModel | TODO |
| 1 | ProductModel | TODO |
| 2 | CartItemModel | TODO |
| 3 | OrderModel | TODO |
| 4 | ProjectModel | TODO |
| 5 | LoyaltyTransactionModel | TODO |
| 10 | OrderItemModel | TODO |
| 11 | AddressModel | TODO |
| 12 | CategoryModel | TODO |
| 13 | RewardModel | TODO |
| 14 | GiftModel | TODO |
| 15 | NotificationModel | TODO |
| 16 | QuoteModel | TODO |
| 17 | PaymentModel | TODO |
| 18 | PromotionModel | TODO |
| 19 | ReferralModel | TODO |
| 20 | MemberTier (enum) | Created |
| 21 | UserType (enum) | Created |
| 22 | OrderStatus (enum) | Created |
| 23 | ProjectStatus (enum) | Created |
| 24 | ProjectType (enum) | Created |
| 25 | TransactionType (enum) | Created |
| 26 | GiftStatus (enum) | Created |
| 27 | PaymentStatus (enum) | Created |
| 28 | NotificationType (enum) | Created |
| 29 | PaymentMethod (enum) | Created |
| 30 | CachedData | Created |
| 31 | SyncState | TODO |
| 32 | OfflineRequest | TODO |
**IMPORTANT**: Never reuse or change these type IDs once assigned!